DEFINITION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Assignment

1	As analyzed in “What’s New About the New Public Management?: Administrative Change in the Human Services,” champions of the new public management see the emphasis on performance as:
	A)	following the organizations’ previous patterns of caring and sharing.
	B)	necessary to maintain equitable services through all state lines.
	C)	in accordance with civil-rights mandates.
	D)	a sharp break with past approaches to administration.



2	As mentioned in “What’s New About the New Public Management?: Administrative Change in the Human Services,” skeptics of the new public management see recent reforms as:
	A)	building directly on historical traditions of public administration.
	B)	too costly and labor intensive.
	C)	more suited to a socialist society.
	D)	best fitting into academic ventures rather than social paradigms.



3	As suggested in “What’s New About the New Public Management?: Administrative Change in the Human Services,” discontinuous change occurs when a crisis prompts reformers to adopt obsolete practices and concepts and ignore new ones that may or may not solve problems more effectively.
	A)	True
	B)	False



4	As presented in “The State of Social Equity in American Public Administration,” for the first several generations of the field of public administration, it was simply assumed that:
	A)	government never served the needs of the general population.
	B)	there was no such thing as good government and even less use for public administration.
	C)	good administration of government was equally good for everyone.
	D)	all men could be governed through appropriate public administration.



5	As reported in “The State of Social Equity in American Public Administration,” public administration is the law in action and involves and requires:
	A)	freely elected officials to be more responsible for the application of public administration.
	B)	interpretation of that law and discretion in its application.
	C)	universality of ethical demands.
	D)	repeal of many laws already in existence.



6	As stated in “The State of Social Equity in American Public Administration,” it could be said that with respect to social equity, public administration has led the way.
	A)	True
	B)	False



7	As pointed out in “A New Approach to Regulatory Reform,” any successful and comprehensive reform must have:
	A)	the welfare of all ethnicities in mind.
	B)	timely scorecard measurements.
	C)	environmental studies attached.
	D)	a perspective that is not threatening to the widespread concerns of citizens.



8	As indicated in “A New Approach to Regulatory Reform,” the regulatory process is fundamentally bureaucratic with:
	A)	all of the powers and shortcomings associated with government.
	B)	the controls in the hands of too many upper-level administrators.
	C)	no thought given to labor.
	D)	contracts that are almost unenforceable.



9	As mentioned in “A New Approach to Regulatory Reform,” the way in which a national priority or concern is translated into a specific rule is not widely understood.
	A)	True
	B)	False



10	As explained in “The Community of Inquiry: Classical Pragmatism and Public Administration,” the community of inquiry notion is powerful because it is:
	A)	an organizing principle that can be applied to diverse public-administration contexts.
	B)	full of meaning that encompasses the total reality of democratic policies and applications.
	C)	maintains the premise that few costs are attached to its application.
	D)	quantifiable.



11	As recounted in “The Community of Inquiry: Classical Pragmatism and Public Administration,” the community of inquiry reinforces:
	A)	ideas that are best left to individual interpretation.
	B)	founding ideals such as democracy, freedom, and equality.
	C)	the notion that volunteerism is preferable to direct hiring.
	D)	European traditions and values.



12	As concluded in “The Community of Inquiry: Classical Pragmatism and Public Administration,” a mature community of inquiry should mitigate or steer even selfish impulses toward results of general benefit.
	A)	True
	B)	False



13	As disclosed in “Performance Measurement: Test the Water Before You Dive In,” while performance measurement has potential, its use should be:
	A)	encouraged, not mandated, by external bodies.
	B)	enforced by regulatory commissions.
	C)	controlled by temporary committees.
	D)	in the province of the independent auditors.



14	As presented in “Performance Measurement: Test the Water Before You Dive In,” performance measurements are needed because:
	A)	their benefits far outweigh their negatives.
	B)	no better alternatives have been developed to make up for their possible dysfunctions.
	C)	numbers are the best measure of accuracy.
	D)	they are universally understood in the marketplace.



15	As noted in “Performance Measurement: Test the Water Before You Dive In,” those who wish to use performance results to introduce a change in procedures or funding, or to re-define goals and missions, will never have to deal with those wishing to preserve the status quo.
	A)	True
	B)	False



16	According to “Evidence-Based Management,” when managers act on better logic and evidence:
	A)	stock options increase proportionally.
	B)	employees are happier.
	C)	the tax base rate is reflected in their bottom-line income.
	D)	their companies will trump the competition.



17	As set forth in “Evidence-Based Management,” because companies vary so wildly in size, form, and age, compared with human beings, it is far more risky in business to:
	A)	apply standards of ethics globally.
	B)	presume that a proven cure developed in one place will be effective elsewhere.
	C)	hire management teams at one time.
	D)	undertake government contracts.



18	As suggested in “Evidence-Based Management,” managers are actually more ignorant than doctors about which prescriptions are reliable in curing their business problems.
	A)	True
	B)	False



19	As demonstrated in “Managing High-Risk Outsourcing,” just because an activity is high-risk:
	A)	is not a good reason to avoid it.
	B)	managing it like a low risk activity would prove practical.
	C)	it will automatically be rejected by voting citizens.
	D)	the tax implications will be too high.



20	As delineated in “Managing High-Risk Outsourcing,” the nature of risk in a potentially out-sourced activity can be viewed from the perspectives of:
	A)	health, wealth, and happiness.
	B)	electability, reliability, eligibility.
	C)	citizen sensitivity, the supplier market, and the costs of switching.
	D)	sensibility, wealth, inheritance.



21	As mentioned in “Managing High-Risk Outsourcing,” in a community, an external outsourcing decision must weigh the impact of poor performance or non-performance on residents.
	A)	True
	B)	False



22	As shown in ” ‘There Was No Plan–A Louisiana Perspective’,” during Hurricane Katrina, the American emergency preparedness system:
	A)	triumphed.
	B)	failed.
	C)	could not be held accountable for Mother Nature.
	D)	was wholly dependent upon local funding.



23	As maintained in ” ‘There Was No Plan–A Louisiana Perspective’,” the tragedy of Hurricane Katrina lies less in the storm itself than:
	A)	with the neighboring states that were unaffected.
	B)	important legislation for funding that was delayed.
	C)	in the failed decisions of people and organizations with responsibilities for managing and planning such events.
	D)	the timeliness of deliveries and evacuation priorities.



24	As mentioned in ” ‘There Was No Plan–A Louisiana Perspective’,” the state plan of Louisiana did not address the special attention needed for medical and mental-health needs.
	A)	True
	B)	False



25	As addressed in “Abu Ghraib: A Case of Moral and Administrative Failure,” the violence of combat places extreme pressures on:
	A)	domestic military policies.
	B)	UN peace negotiators.
	C)	individuals to depart from the accepted value-set of the military professional.
	D)	defense spending and local taxes.



26	As brought out in “Abu Ghraib: A Case of Moral and Administrative Failure,” unethical behavior damages the civic order in an organization and:
	A)	limits reform capabilities.
	B)	betrays all humankind.
	C)	cannot be measured in human cost and waste.
	D)	destroys trust among employees and supervisors.



27	As related in “Abu Ghraib: A Case of Moral and Administrative Failure,” humanitarianism requires that all parties to a conflict respect the person and honor convictions and religious practices of those in custody.
	A)	True
	B)	False



28	According to “Twelve Obstacles to Ethical Decision Making: Rationalizations,” people judge themselves by their:
	A)	best intentions.
	B)	last actions.
	C)	current emotions.
	D)	bank accounts.



29	As reported in “Twelve Obstacles to Ethical Decision Making: Rationalizations,” conscientious people who want to do their jobs well often:
	A)	look to their neighbors for their moral compass.
	B)	fail to adequately consider the morality of their professional behavior.
	C)	question their behavior too rigorously, to their professional detriment.
	D)	seek outside guidance from therapists knowledgeable about particular professional concerns.



30	As brought out in title, reasons used to excuse misconduct and certain rationalizations falsely hold that one can violate ethical principles so long as there is no clear and immediate harm to others.
	A)	True
	B)	False



31	As offered in “Follow the Money,” the tangled web of rules that govern fundraising and spending:
	A)	remain in the hands of the local legislatures.
	B)	must be controlled by the chief executive.
	C)	are managed easily by campaign reformers.
	D)	can be hard to penetrate.



32	As noted in “Follow the Money,” the McCain-Feingold law raised the limit on individual contributions to federal candidates and banned:
	A)	legal maneuverings to change the bill.
	B)	television advertising completely.
	C)	unlimited soft-money contributions from labor unions, corporations, and wealthy individuals to political parties.
	D)	public-speaking engagements.



33	As mentioned in “Follow the Money,” even framing a debate as being about campaign-finance reform can open reporters to charges that they are siding with groups advocating stricter rules.
	A)	True
	B)	False



34	As recalled in “Leadership in Your Midst: Tapping the Hidden Strengths of Minority Executives,” any company that hopes to compete on the world stage using superior leadership talent must:
	A)	become more globally oriented to world social issues.
	B)	examine hidden principles of fairness and equality.
	C)	recruit minorities more effectively.
	D)	look squarely at the problem of hidden lives and resolve to overcome it.



35	As stated in “Leadership in Your Midst: Tapping the Hidden Strengths of Minority Executives,” successful minorities in the corporate world give many of their leadership skills to:
	A)	government challenges.
	B)	just getting ahead in life.
	C)	towns, schools, and church volunteer programs.
	D)	solving their personal problems.



36	As cited in “Leadership in Your Midst: Tapping the Hidden Strengths of Minority Executives,” for many reasons, minorities are reluctant to speak of their outside pursuits to colleagues and management.
	A)	True
	B)	False



37	As brought out in “Organization Culture as an Explanation for Employee Discipline Practices,” when supervisors follow formal policies:
	A)	productivity is slowed down.
	B)	equity in management is never achieved.
	C)	government regulations are generally met.
	D)	productivity is enhanced, and equity is preserved.



38	As shown in “Organization Culture as an Explanation for Employee Discipline Practices,” employee infractions that must be addressed by front-line supervisors can range from:
	A)	smoking to wasting time.
	B)	insolence to absenteeism.
	C)	innocuous behaviors such as lack of a timely response to persistent insubordination.
	D)	ingratitude to incomprehension.



39	As proposed in “Organization Culture as an Explanation for Employee Discipline Practices,” in organizations with a union presence and collective bargaining agreements, uniform disciplinary practices are vital to ensure that supervisors handle cases consistently across time.
	A)	True
	B)	False



40	As asserted in “The History of the Certified Public Manager,” while organizations of all sorts are everywhere, what is observed are:
	A)	organizations in which successful cooperation of people is normal and success is easily predicted.
	B)	companies with little future and less hope.
	C)	the successful survivors among innumerable failures.
	D)	abnormalities existing in imperfect harmony.



41	As indicated in “The History of the Certified Public Manager,” in-service state programs in many states were often functionally oriented and designed to meet the perceived needs of:
	A)	a single agency.
	B)	federal grants.
	C)	crisis-intervention programs.
	D)	the state legislatures.



42	As claimed in “The History of the Certified Public Manager,” the establishment of a CPM program in Georgia involved the on-going collaboration of two organizations, the cooperation of the executive and legislative branches of the Georgia state government, and the participation of all agencies in the government.
	A)	True
	B)	False



43	As recalled in “GovBenefits.gov: A Valuable E-Government Tool for Citizens,” GovBenefits.gov was created to:
	A)	streamline benefits paid out to those with small business loans.
	B)	cover tuition prepayment questions at state universities.
	C)	notify public officials of recent polls that were taken in support of legislative bills.
	D)	make it easier for citizens and businesses to interact with and obtain information from the government.



44	As remarked in “GovBenefits.gov: A Valuable E-Government Tool for Citizens,” GovBenefits.gov, when utilized appropriately, reduces:
	A)	postage costs.
	B)	counselor error.
	C)	the burden on agency call centers and staff time dedicated to processing ineligible applications.
	D)	telephone-reception problems.



45	As explained in “GovBenefits.gov: A Valuable E-Government Tool for Citizens,” on the GovBenefits.gov website you can select the state from which you want to search for benefits.
	A)	True
	B)	False



46	According to “Governance and Risk Management: Challenges and Public Productivity,” governments around the world experience pressures to expand and upgrade services on the one hand and:
	A)	minimize individual controls over the financial aspects.
	B)	simultaneously to recognize that there are some who will never be helped.
	C)	expand democracy concurrently.
	D)	face the demands to keep the existing level of taxation stable, or even to reduce it, on the other.



47	As pointed out in “Governance and Risk Management: Challenges and Public Productivity,” the principal difference between the United States and Russian energy systems is the fact that:
	A)	everything in Russia is rationed.
	B)	all Russian business elements pass through a centralized authority.
	C)	the Russian system is highly centralized and the ties between its parts are firmer.
	D)	the U.S. system is centralized but its framework is not stable.



48	As proposed in “Governance and Risk Management: Challenges and Public Productivity,” since the inception of NERC in 1968, compliance has been mandatory.
	A)	True
	B)	False



49	As set forth in “Our Nation’s Financial Condition and Fiscal Outlook: Shaping the Future of the Federal Government,” as budgetary pressures build, federal managers will be:
	A)	reorganized into a more cohesive and more responsive agency.
	B)	more closely supervised.
	C)	given retirement incentives they will not be able to pass up.
	D)	uniquely challenged to provide the level of government services that the public demands and deserves.



50	As stated in “Our Nation’s Financial Condition and Fiscal Outlook: Shaping the Future of the Federal Government,” the way in which the U.S. government keeps score provides:
	A)	enough information for individuals to make sound investment decisions.
	B)	bankers with unlimited opportunities for real-estate investment and mortgage loans.
	C)	an incomplete and misleading picture of the country’s true financial condition and fiscal outlook.
	D)	loan guarantees in perpetuity.



51	As highlighted in “Our Nation’s Financial Condition and Fiscal Outlook: Shaping the Future of the Federal Government,” long-term simulations from the GAO paint a chilling picture and by 2040 the federal government will have to cut spending by more than half.
	A)	True
	B)	False



52	As addressed in “Enron/Andersen: Crisis in U.S. Accounting and Lessons for Government,” the Enron/Andersen scandal is not:
	A)	under the jurisdiction of the federal legal institutions.
	B)	as important as everyone supposed.
	C)	remediable by legislation.
	D)	an isolated case, but rather indicative of underlying, structural flaws in U.S. financial systems.



53	As suggested in “Enron/Andersen: Crisis in U.S. Accounting and Lessons for Government,” Enron’s financial gimmickry was noticed when it was brought:
	A)	out in an executive board meeting.
	B)	to the attention of the federal prosecutor investigating suspected fraud.
	C)	into the core financial statements and the losses rose into billions of dollars.
	D)	to the public realm when top Enron executives were revising their stockholdings.



54	As related in “Enron/Andersen: Crisis in U.S. Accounting and Lessons for Government,” Andersen had been Enron’s auditor for a brief period of time and the question was immediately raised about switching to more efficient auditors when the problems surfaced.
	A)	True
	B)	False



55	As emphasized in “Huge Rise Looms for Health Care in Local Budgets,” New York governments, like most other public agencies across the country, have been calculating retirement costs in a way that:
	A)	cannot be forecast for fiscal prudence.
	B)	enhances the interest earned on the money being held in escrow.
	C)	reduces the long term impact.
	D)	sharply understates their price tag over time.



56	As detailed in “Huge Rise Looms for Health Care in Local Budgets,” failure to find a way to finance annual pension benefits will eventually:
	A)	panic the retirees.
	B)	cause a fiscal deficit that will not be easily conquered.
	C)	hurt a government’s ability to borrow money affordably.
	D)	limit present bargaining issues.



57	As suggested in “Huge Rise Looms for Health Care in Local Budgets,” it is not likely that New York City has a way to fund current costs, its pension obligation, and retiree healthcare without raising taxes or cutting services.
	A)	True
	B)	False



58	As highlighted in “Privacy Concerns,” as more governments put public records online, protesters from certain quarters:
	A)	are calling for the removal of officials who approved online publications.
	B)	bring the Internet into every phase of government inclusion.
	C)	prompt public-sector officials to think long and hard about how to balance open government and the right to privacy.
	D)	are demanding equal time on the Internet.



59	As maintained in “Privacy Concerns,” in Missouri, concern about government officials’ privacy:
	A)	caused the elimination of the listing of all public officials.
	B)	sparked a controversy over government Web sites.
	C)	made the State Police monitor Web sites more closely.
	D)	brought an increase in demand for more security guards.



60	As reported in “Privacy Concerns,” if a person really has a safety issue, it cannot be not solved just by taking the data offline.
	A)	True
	B)	False



61	As suggested in “Strategic Applications of Technology: County-Level Case Study in the State of Georgia,” RFID is playing a central role in administrative actions:
	A)	and causing a decrease in productivity and user-intelligence.
	B)	primarily at the request of the heads of departments.
	C)	without the consent of the employees who are involved in the transition processes.
	D)	focused on improving internal court operations and productivity.



62	As reported in “Strategic Applications of Technology: County-Level Case Study in the State of Georgia,” the court manager has to operate with the understanding that the correct application of any technology:
	A)	will enhance his personal standing with his superiors.
	B)	at a primary level will support and assist the decision-making process.
	C)	depends upon his own technical expertise.
	D)	means a more efficient operation but often at the exclusion of personal interactions.



63	As indicated in “Strategic Applications of Technology: County-Level Case Study in the State of Georgia,” even at the juvenile court level, conservative estimates for salary costs associated with lost or misplaced files were in the tens of thousands of dollars per year.
	A)	True
	B)	False



64	As shown in “E-Waste Epidemic,” computers, especially CRT monitors, contain:
	A)	information that is rarely kept secret.
	B)	several elements that are harmful to the environment.
	C)	more trouble than they are worth.
	D)	intelligent after-life.



65	As brought out in “E-Waste Epidemic,” electronic waste is becoming:
	A)	a costly problem.
	B)	predominantly more of a local issue.
	C)	hazardous only to animal life.
	D)	the scourge of plant life.



66	As related in “E-Waste Epidemic,” as computer use continues to increase dramatically, the United States will face more and more electronic waste considered toxic and unfit for burial.
	A)	True
	B)	False



67	As specified in “Find It Fast,” in Garland, Texas, a tentative foray into digital document management:
	A)	has increased sales of the model to neighboring towns
	B)	became inappropriate for commercial use.
	C)	increased rather than decreased the paperwork.
	D)	proved sufficiently successful that the city now is rolling out the technology to multiple departments.



68	As identified in “Find It Fast,” in Garland, Texas, eventually all the documents will:
	A)	be digitized throughout city government.
	B)	remain in the old office building files.
	C)	appear on microfiche.
	D)	offer new information for older systems.



69	As claimed in “Find It Fast,” Garland, Texas, has just completed a return-on-investment study to calculate the exact number of man-hours saved.
	A)	True
	B)	False



70	As recounted in “Moving Medicine Forward,” EHRs, like traditional patient files:
	A)	contain detailed information about an individual’s medical care and health history.
	B)	should be discarded with regularity.
	C)	must be maintained over two generations.
	D)	are only as complete as the basic file.



71	As related in “Moving Medicine Forward,” studies show that 20 to 30 percent of U.S. healthcare spending, up to $300 billion each year:
	A)	remains in the hands of the medical corporations’ chief executive officers.
	B)	goes to treatments that do not improve health status.
	C)	is spent on settling lawsuits.
	D)	comes from the federal government.



72	As pointed out in “Moving Medicine Forward,” the push behind the creation of HIES is to improve and simplify healthcare.
	A)	True
	B)	False



73	As maintained in “The Best Care Anywhere,” outside experts agree that the VHA has become:
	A)	too costly to continue to be run in a manner that dates back a decade or more.
	B)	an industry leader in its safety and equality measures.
	C)	similar to many private enterprises run for profit and less for medical care.
	D)	too insular in its thinking about expansion of services.



74	As recounted in “The Best Care Anywhere,” it is natural to believe that more competition and consumer choice in healthcare would lead to:
	A)	greater quality and lower costs.
	B)	less quality and higher costs.
	C)	less government interference.
	D)	more government regulation.



75	As related in “The Best Care Anywhere,” the VHA has incentives for investing in quality and keeping its patients well, incentives that are always present in for-profit medicine.
	A)	True
	B)	False



76	As discussed in “Senate’s Failure to Agree on Immigration Plan Angers Workers and Employers Alike,” one consistent objection to the federal government’s immigration plan that collapsed in April 2006 was that it:
	A)	gave illegal immigrants citizenship too quickly.
	B)	was not practical.
	C)	should have required all illegal immigrants to return to their home countries to apply for guest-worker status.
	D)	was not harsh enough on employers of illegal immigrants.



77	As explained in “Who’s Advocating What Here?” only a minority of jurisdictions holds that governments may spend public money:
	A)	in a public way.
	B)	without corporate backing.
	C)	to advocate for or against ballot questions as long as the issue being supported or opposed emerged from an elected body.
	D)	within specific time frames.



78	As given in “Who’s Advocating What Here?” it is not clear whether localities have the right to:
	A)	not act on specific articles in legislative initiatives.
	B)	oppose ballot questions arising from citizens’ initiatives.
	C)	comment on public initiatives off the record.
	D)	enlist aid from the states in their pursuit of legal justifications for certain bills.



79	As put forth in “Who’s Advocating What Here?” the Florida Supreme Court has concluded that local governing bodies have not only the right but also the duty to advocate on matters they believe are beneficial or detrimental to their constituents.
	A)	True
	B)	False



80	According to “Smart Growth: Why We Discuss It More Than We Do It,” although some places follow Smart Growth policies, they are:
	A)	outnumbered by those where such policies are commonly discussed but rarely practiced effectively.
	B)	never allowed to reach the level of legislative approval.
	C)	subject to counties finding them too costly to administer.
	D)	political in nature and always have a negative impact.



81	As set out in “Smart Growth: Why We Discuss It More Than We Do It,” in reality, different groups in society emphasize different constellations of Smart Growth policies, which are dependent on:
	A)	the amount already invested.
	B)	their own perspectives.
	C)	legal advice that may or may not be taken.
	D)	conservative ideology.



82	As brought out in “Smart Growth: Why We Discuss It More Than We Do It,” several key Smart Growth principles require government action at the regional or state level, not at the local government level, where most powers over land-use planning now reside.
	A)	True
	B)	False



83	As reported in “More and Better Local Planning,” academics, public officials, and citizens increasingly advocate more and better:
	A)	management in response to national priorities forced upon them.
	B)	educational policy, especially regarding environmental issues.
	C)	local planning as a central component of regional growth management.
	D)	business ethics among former politicians.



84	As suggested in “More and Better Local Planning,” intergovernmental growth programs, particularly those incorporating state-mandated local planning have:
	A)	kept a low profile during pre-election days.
	B)	evolved over time as states and localities have struggled to find the right process to balance competing policy goals.
	C)	used advertising on television to push their ideas.
	D)	had an easy time because the federal government backs them.



85	As mentioned in “More and Better Local Planning,” North Carolina is one state that has no regional plans on the books, despite its threatened coastlines.
	A)	True
	B)	False



86	As analyzed in “Rebuilding a Beautiful Mess,” New Orleans, despite its severe poverty:
	A)	has one of the most vibrant urban cultures on the planet.
	B)	cannot maintain its cultural heritage because of poverty.
	C)	does not have attractive physical attributes.
	D)	is a drain on the national economy.



87	As reported in “Rebuilding a Beautiful Mess,” the question about rebuilding New Orleans:
	A)	will not be answered by politicians.
	B)	is more about how to rebuild and what rebuilding means.
	C)	remains up to its citizens.
	D)	can be found in its historical perspective.



88	As related in “Rebuilding a Beautiful Mess,” there is already a plan for the reconstruction of New Orleans, indelibly stamped in the perception of each resident.
	A)	True
	B)	False



89	As proposed in “On the Gulf: Too Little, Too Late,” scientists have known for 30 years that:
	A)	the federal government would intervene if the waters rose.
	B)	storms would have no effect on the population loyal to New Orleans.
	C)	the levees would hold, no matter what the conditions.
	D)	Louisiana’s wetlands were vanishing.



90	As put forth in “On the Gulf: Too Little, Too Late,” New Orleans has sunk faster than:
	A)	the river.
	B)	Manhattan Island.
	C)	the Mississippi Delta.
	D)	Oahu.



91	As detailed in “On the Gulf: Too Little, Too Late,” Louisiana’s coastal wetlands produce a third of the nation’s seafood.
	A)	True
	B)	False



92	As demonstrated in “Closing of Mine on Tribal Lands Fuels Dispute over Air, Water and Jobs,” most members of the Navajo Nation and Hopi Tribe who work at the Black Mesa mine have jobs that pay:
	A)	amounts equal to that of unskilled workers’ pay.
	B)	less than poverty wages.
	C)	additional hardship compensation.
	D)	as much as $80,000 a year.



93	As concluded in “Closing of Mine on Tribal Lands Fuels Dispute over Air, Water and Jobs,” the mine is ceasing work indefinitely because the:
	A)	Hopis no longer wanted to work in the mine.
	B)	rich ore ran out.
	C)	sole power plant it supplies is shutting down due to a legal agreement with environmental groups that sued because of pollution violations.
	D)	costs of mining have made the operation unprofitable.



94	As claimed in “Closing of Mine on Tribal Lands Fuels Dispute over Air, Water and Jobs,” the groups that sued the mining company contended that the emissions fouled the air over the Grand Canyon and threatened the health of people who lived downwind
	A)	True
	B)	False



95	As claimed in “Getting to Yes,” low-cost housing providers maintain long waiting lists that may be closed for years because:
	A)	the gap between supply and demand is so great.
	B)	paperwork is processed so slowly.
	C)	people have less need as time goes on.
	D)	cities are not popular places in which to live any longer.



96	As cited in “Getting to Yes,” the problem of long waiting lists for low-cost housing occurs:
	A)	just in the suburbs.
	B)	rarely in small towns.
	C)	only in certain selected cities.
	D)	in small towns, prosperous suburbs, and big cities.



97	As reported in “Getting to Yes,” building affordable housing rarely involves politics.
	A)	True
	B)	False



98	As summarized in “Urban Planning in China: Continuity and Change,” China’s urbanization is an evolutionary process that is driven:
	A)	through natural yearnings of its indigenous population.
	B)	by foreign investment.
	C)	because of economic necessity.
	D)	from within.



99	As brought out in “Urban Planning in China: Continuity and Change,” China’s system of urban planning and governance, like urban planning everywhere:
	A)	fails to meet the needs of most people.
	B)	is based on laws that are not always evenly adjusted.
	C)	applies both conventional and experimental practices to current problems with constraints created by existing institutions and values that are not always flexible.
	D)	modifies the society’s inclination towards democracy.



100	As suggested in “Urban Planning in China: Continuity and Change,” the maintenance of political legitimacy may be one of the newest motives for urban planning in China.
	A)	True
	B)	False



101	As mentioned in “The Community Communication Network: New Technology for Public Engagement,” the British are bringing new communications technology to help provide information to:
	A)	enhance primary voting.
	B)	limit the need for satellite communication.
	C)	move libraries into the spotlight.
	D)	inform constituents accurately and conveniently.



102	As brought out in “The Community Communication Network: New Technology for Public Engagement,” complicating the seemingly easy goal of public communication is:
	A)	individual idiosyncrasies.
	B)	natural disasters.
	C)	the barrier of many different languages.
	D)	transportation breakdowns.



103	As discussed in “The Community Communication Network: New Technology for Public Engagement,” CNN has placed plasma video screens in a variety of public and private venues to help local officials get their messages directly to the public in an eye-catching manner.
	A)	True
	B)	False



104	As presented in “Curbing Corruption in the Republic of South Africa,” corruption is a consensual crime in the sense that:
	A)	only those over the age of 18 participate.
	B)	all participants are usually willing parties, who together have an interest in concealing it.
	C)	adults tend to agree more readily when committing crimes.
	D)	police and other law-enforcement individuals agree that a crime has been committed.



105	As noted in “Curbing Corruption in the Republic of South Arica,” in South Africa, corruption is an increasingly:
	A)	obnoxious problem that will immediately be stamped out.
	B)	obvious activity of government officials.
	C)	time-limited crime.
	D)	important clandestine driving force.



106	As indicated in “Curbing Corruption in the Republic of South Africa,” the AG in South Africa is the general watchdog of the government, looking over the administrative practices of government departments.
	A)	True
	B)	False



107	As explained in “How the Dutch Do Housing,” a major shift in Dutch planning is toward:
	A)	more public/social housing.
	B)	more market-centered housing.
	C)	less dense housing and communities.
	D)	a greater percentage of privately owned land.



108	As reported in “How the Dutch Do Housing,” in the new town of Almere near Amsterdam, the environment:
	A)	has many shops that add diversity to the landscape.
	B)	has virtually no single-family homes.
	C)	is car-centered.
	D)	is pleasant and green.



109	As noted in “How the Dutch Do Housing,” most of the recent Dutch building projects for urban housing were financed by private money.
	A)	True
	B)	False