| 1 |
|
Felsic and mafic are terms used by geologists to describe:
|
|
|
A) |
composition of continental and oceanic crust. |
|
|
B) |
behavior of earthquake waves. |
|
|
C) |
the mechanical behavior of rocks. |
|
|
D) |
none of these. |
|
|
|
| 2 |
|
The boundary that separates the crust from the mantle is called:
|
|
|
A) |
the crust-mantle boundary. |
|
|
B) |
the lithosphere. |
|
|
C) |
the Moho. |
|
|
D) |
all of these. |
|
|
|
| 3 |
|
The inner core is most likely composed of:
|
|
|
A) |
silicon. |
|
|
B) |
oxygen. |
|
|
C) |
sulfur. |
|
|
D) |
iron. |
|
|
|
| 4 |
|
The principle of continents being in buoyant equilibrium is known as:
|
|
|
A) |
isostasy. |
|
|
B) |
the principle of buoyant equilibrium. |
|
|
C) |
the elastic rebound theory. |
|
|
D) |
none of these. |
|
|
|
| 5 |
|
A positive gravity anomaly indicates:
|
|
|
A) |
an excess of mass. |
|
|
B) |
a deficiency in mass. |
|
|
C) |
a reversal of the gravitational field. |
|
|
D) |
none of these. |
|
|
|
| 6 |
|
Positive gravity anomalies are often associated with:
|
|
|
A) |
deep ocean trenches |
|
|
B) |
ore bodies beneath Earth’s surface. |
|
|
C) |
large cavern systems beneath Earth’s surface |
|
|
D) |
all of these. |
|
|
|
| 7 |
|
A positive magnetic anomaly indicates:
|
|
|
A) |
a body of magnetic ore. |
|
|
B) |
an intrusion of gabbro. |
|
|
C) |
mafic rock masses. |
|
|
D) |
all of the above. |
|
|
|
| 8 |
|
Which of the following is not an example of isostasy?
|
|
|
A) |
deep mountain roots. |
|
|
B) |
crustal rebound. |
|
|
C) |
ocean basins are deeper than continents. |
|
|
D) |
all of these. |
|
|
|
| 9 |
|
The S-wave shadow zone is evidence that:
|
|
|
A) |
the outer core is liquid. |
|
|
B) |
the outer core is composed of iron and nickel oxides. |
|
|
C) |
the inner core is solid. |
|
|
D) |
it is very hot near the core. |
|
|
|
| 10 |
|
The physical evidence that the core is composed mostly of iron is:
|
|
|
A) |
the known mass of Earth requires material of high density at the core. |
|
|
B) |
scientists have sampled the core and determined its composition. |
|
|
C) |
volcanoes regularly erupt material from the core to the surface. |
|
|
D) |
all of these. |
|
|
|
| 11 |
|
The velocity of seismic waves varies through Earth because:
|
|
|
A) |
temperature varies within the Earth. |
|
|
B) |
density of rocks varies within the Earth. |
|
|
C) |
the composition of rocks varies within the Earth. |
|
|
D) |
all of these. |
|
|
|
| 12 |
|
Convection is likely occurring in:
|
|
|
A) |
the mantle. |
|
|
B) |
the outer core. |
|
|
C) |
both the mantle and the outer core. |
|
|
D) |
throughout the Earth. |
|
|
|
| 13 |
|
The interior composition and structure of Earth have been deduced in part from:
|
|
|
A) |
studies of meteorites. |
|
|
B) |
deep drilling projects. |
|
|
C) |
analyses of the behavior of seismic waves. |
|
|
D) |
all of these. |
|
|
|
| 14 |
|
Heat inside Earth:
|
|
|
A) |
is generated by radioactive decay. |
|
|
B) |
is uniform throughout the interior. |
|
|
C) |
decreases with increasing depth. |
|
|
D) |
none of these. |
|
|
|
| 15 |
|
The geothermal gradient in the crust averages:
|
|
|
A) |
25 degrees Celsius per kilometer. |
|
|
B) |
1 degree Celsius per kilometer. |
|
|
C) |
10 degrees Celsius per kilometer. |
|
|
D) |
100 degrees Celsius per kilometer. |
|
|
|
| 16 |
|
Heat flow to the surface of Earth:
|
|
|
A) |
varies from place to place. |
|
|
B) |
is highest in areas of active volcanism |
|
|
C) |
is lowest in stable continental interiors. |
|
|
D) |
all of these. |
|
|
|
| 17 |
|
The boundary between the crust and mantle:
|
|
|
A) |
coincides with the boundary between the asthenosphere and lithosphere. |
|
|
B) |
is marked by a change is velocity of seismic waves. |
|
|
C) |
is the source of the S-wave shadow zone. |
|
|
D) |
none of these. |
|
|
|
| 18 |
|
The largest portion of Earth’s volume is:
|
|
|
A) |
the crust. |
|
|
B) |
the mantle. |
|
|
C) |
the inner core. |
|
|
D) |
the outer core. |
|
|
|
| 19 |
|
The composition of the upper mantle is known because:
|
|
|
A) |
samples of mantle rock have been analyzed by scientists. |
|
|
B) |
meteorites are believed to be similar to the mantle. |
|
|
C) |
some caves on Earth extend into the mantle. |
|
|
D) |
none of these. |
|
|
|
| 20 |
|
The average thickness of the crust is:
|
|
|
A) |
10-12 km. |
|
|
B) |
30-50 km. |
|
|
C) |
100-150 km. |
|
|
D) |
1 km. |
|
|
Leave a Comment